Further case studies include:<\/strong><\/p>\n Spatially-resolved chemical imaging of an industrially-relevant hydrogen PEM fuel cell under operating conditions<\/a><\/p>\n Techniques that can simultaneously probe all the components of functional devices at the nanoscale are urgently required to optimize the MEA architecture and operating conditions. Spectromicroscopy approaches using electron, neutron, and photon beams are powerful but generally laborious and\/or limited to ex situ experiments. Significant advances in spatial and time resolution with in situ X-ray absorption tomography have been recently achieved. However, spatial resolution is often limited to scales greater than 100 nm and lacks the critical nanoscale and chemical information about the catalyst and supporting materials. This information is necessary to connect the catalyst activity, morphology, and stability to the overall MEA performance. These properties determine the device\u2019s life cycle, with a major impact on its economic feasibility. Here we studied the catalyst degradation phenomena in an operating PEMFC using novel high-energy X-ray scattering techniques.<\/p>\n![\"Hydrogen](\"https:\/\/www.finden.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/PEMFCPicture-1.gif\")
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